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martes, 3 de marzo de 2026

DESASTRES: Guías y Manuales PDF Gratis

DESASTRES: Guias y Manuales PDF Gratis

desastre
Del occit. desastre.

1. m. Desgracia grande, suceso infeliz y lamentable. U. t. en sent. fig.

Sin.:
cataclismo, desgracia, catástrofe, debacle, siniestro, devastación, tragedia, hecatombe, drama, adversidad, ruina.
Ant.:
fortuna.
2. m. Cosa de calidad, resultado, organización, aspecto u otras características muy malos. Un desastre de oficina.

3. m. Persona poco hábil, poco capaz, que lo hace todo mal o a la que todo le sale mal.

Sin.:
calamidad, inútil, negado.
zona de desastre

Sinónimos o afines de desastre
cataclismo, desgracia, catástrofe, debacle, siniestro, devastación, tragedia, hecatombe, drama, adversidad, ruina.
[persona] calamidad, inútil, negado.
Antónimos u opuestos de desastre
fortuna.
Real Academia Española © Todos los derechos reservados

https://dle.rae.es/desastre

1. Guías INSARAG 2015 (Castellano). Gratis en PDF y Video
http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2015/11/guias-insarag-2015-castellano.html
2. Libro gratuito: Análisis de Sistemas de Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres. FAO
6. Agua y Alimentos en una Emergencia FEMA / CRUZ ROJA AMERICANA
16. ¿QUE ES TELEMEDICINA? Marco de implementación de un Servicio de Telemedicina OMS / OPS pdf
17. Manual de gestion inclusiva de emergencias: "Derechos humanos de las personas con discapacidad durante emergencias"
21. Medical Support Manual for United Nations Field Missions. 2015
32. Actuacion ante Accidentes con Multiples Victimas y Catastrofes NRBQ. Rescate Sanitario. SUMMA 112 pdf Gratis
33. TERRORISMO Y SALUD PÚBLICA - "GESTIÓN SANITARIA DE ATENTADOS TERRORISTAS POR BOMBA"
34 PDFs Psicologia de Emergencias y DESASTRES
35. Guía General de Operaciones Búsqueda y Rescate Nivel Básico Segunda Versión
https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2019/04/en-la-busqueda-de-generar-una-cultura.html
La Representación de OPS/OMS pone a disposición la biblioteca en línea: Protección de la salud mental y manejo para la reducción del estrés en situaciones críticas y desastres

#Simulacro #Fireca en #Sevillahoy Los operativos de emergencias han mostrado su trabajo de rescate tras un siniestro vial. Gran trabajo coordinado de #Bomberos #Epes061 #PolicíaSevilla y @GuardiaCivil para rescatar y salvar vidas @Ayto_Sevilla @DGTes @Firecafibes @Fibesevilla

LAS GUÍAS INSARAG

El Grupo Directivo INSARAG aprobó por unanimidad las nuevas Guías INSARAG de 2015, y éstas estan en vigor desde el 11 de febrero de 2015.

Las Guías se componen de tres volúmenes:

Volumen I: Política

Volumen II: Preparación y Respuesta

Manual A: Desarrollo de Capacidades

Manual B: Operaciones

C Manual : Guía de Clasificación/Reclasificación Externa de INSARAG (IEC / Rs)

Volumen III: Manual de Campo .

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2016/05/libro-gratuito-analisis-de-sistemas-de.html?spref=pi

3. SISMOS CENAPRED. MEXICO. Recomendaciones en Caso de Terremotos

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2012/08/recomendaciones-en-caso-de-terremotos.html

4. Manual para la Evaluación de Desastres de La Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) 2014

emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2017/04/manual-para-la-evaluacion-de-desastres.html

5. Manual sobre organización y funcionamiento para Centros de Operaciones de Emergencias emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2014/11/manual-sobre-organizacion-y.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2012/10/agua-y-alimentos-en-una-emergencia-fema.html

7. CICLONES TROPICALES. HURACANES PDF Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2012/08/ciclones-tropicales.html

8. Manual de derrumbes: Una guía para entender todo sobre los derrumbes. USGS

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2017/03/manual-de-derrumbes-una-guia-para.html

9. Búsqueda y Rescate en Estructuras Colapsadas. Manual de Campo. USAID

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2016/07/busqueda-y-rescate-en-estructuras.html

10. MANEJO DE CADAVERES EN SITUACIONES DE DESASTRES. OPS. PDF Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/06/manejo-de-cadaveres-en-situaciones-de.html

11. Manual de gestión de riesgos de desastre para comunicadores sociales. UNESCO emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2017/03/manual-de-gestion-de-riesgos-de.html

12. GESTIÓN DE CADÁVERES EN SITUACIONES DE DESASTRES: Guía practica para equipos de respuesta

emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2014/10/gestion-de-cadaveres-en-situaciones-de.html

13. Manual de Procedimientos de Evaluación y Respuesta Sanitaria a Emergencias y Desastres emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2013/08/manual-de-procedimientos-de-evaluacion.html

14. DERECHO Y ASUNTOS LEGALES EN LA RESPUESTA INTERNACIONAL A DESASTRES Federacion Internacional de Sociedades de la Cruz Roja y la Media Luna Roja https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2013/05/derecho-y-asuntos-legales-en-la.html

15. Manual de asistencia sanitaria en accidentes múltiples víctimas. SACYL, Castilla y León. España

emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2017/01/manual-de-asistencia-sanitaria-en.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/05/marco-de-implementacion-de-un-que-es.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2015/08/manual-de-gestion-inclusiva-de.html

18. Asistencia de salud en peligro: la importancia de proteger al personal de salud en zonas de guerra PDF Gratis http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/06/asistencia-de-salud-en-peligro-la.html

19. SERVICIOS PREHOSPITALARIOS Y DE AMBULANCIAS EN SITUACIONES DE RIESGO. PDF GRATIS http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/06/servicios-prehospitalarios-y-de.html

20. GUIA LA OMS Y LA OPS para el Uso de Hospitales de Campaña en el Extranjero en caso de DESASTRES. PDF Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/guia-la-oms-y-la-ops-para-el-uso-de.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/04/medical-support-manual-for-united.html

22. Manual para el manejo de los Incidentes de Multiples Victimas en la Urgencia Extrahospitalarias SUMMA 112. Madrid España PDf Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2016/03/manual-atencion-las-multiples-victimas.html

23. Manual de asistencia sanitaria en accidentes múltiples víctimas. SACYL, Castilla y León. España

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2017/01/manual-de-asistencia-sanitaria-en.html

DENGUE

24.DENGUE GUIAS PARA EL DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMIENTO, PREVENCIÓN Y CONTROL Nueva edición 2009. pdf Gratis 
emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/dengue-guias-para-el-diagnostico.html

25. Dengue Guías de atención para enfermos en la región de las Américas. pdf Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/dengue-guias-de-atencion-para-enfermos.html

26. Guía Bolsillo Diagnostico y manejo clínico de casos de dengue. pdf Gratis emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/guia-bolsillo-diagnostico-y-manejo.html

27. GUÍA PARA MANEJO CLÍNICO DEL DENGUE Ministerio Salud Publica República Dominicana emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2012/02/vacuna-contra-el-dengue-cuba.html

28. Guía de Atención Clínica Integral del Paciente con Dengue. Republica de Colombia/OPS pdf Gratis http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/guia-de-atencion-clinica-integral-del.html

29. Formularios para la evaluación de hospitales seguros OMS/OPS pdf Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/formularios-para-la-evaluacion-de.html

30. Guía para el desarrollo de simulaciones y simulacros de emergencias y desastres OPS/OMS pdf Gratis

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/guia-para-el-desarrollo-de-simulaciones.html

31. Manuales y Guías PDF Gratis Laboratorios Clínicos y Bioseguridad

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/manuales-y-guias-pdf-gratis.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/actuacion-ante-accidentes-con-multiples.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2013/08/terrorismo-y-salud-publica-gestion.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/12/pdfs-psicologia-de-emergencias-y.html

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/07/desastres-guias-y-manuales-pdf-gratis.html

36. EN LA BÚSQUEDA DE GENERAR UNA CULTURA EN GESTIÓN DEL RIESGO DE DESASTRES CENEPRED pdf Gratis
https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2019/04/en-la-busqueda-de-generar-una-cultura.html

ems-solutions-international-marca.html

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Fallo Grave de Inteligencia Protectiva, Avanzada y Protección de Dignatarios.

Así atacaron el vehículo de Pedro Sánchez, presidente de España, cuando se disponía a salir de Paiporta, Valencia Depresión Aislada en Niveles Altos (DANA). Valencia España 2024

https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2024/10/depresion-aislada-en-niveles-altos-dana.html

MANUAL DE PROTECCIÓN A PERSONAS POR PARTE DE LA POLICÍA NACIONAL. PROTECCION VIP (Protección de Dignatarios /Escoltas) pdf Colombia

https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2021/10/manual-de-proteccion-personas-por-parte.html

Bien hecho, Servicio Secreto de EE. UU.... Has salvado al VIP protegido.
Leer https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2023/12/medicina-de-proteccion-vip-proteccion.html
Video https://www.facebook.com/share/v/ZcwpFyCDBxy5MbiB/
Well done, US Secret Service... You have saved the VIP protected. #DrRamonReyesMD

#valencia #paiporta #pedrosanchez #reyfelipe #elreyenvalencia

#Medicina de #Proteccion #VIP
mis redes sociales @DrRamonReyesMD
https://www.facebook.com/EMSSINT/videos/1509876865709516
03 nov 2024
Fallo Grave de Inteligencia Protectiva, Avanzada y Protección de Dignatarios. https://www.facebook.com/EMSSINT/videos/1233259071243753
Así atacaron el vehículo de Pedro Sánchez, presidente de España, cuando se disponía a salir de Paiporta, Valencia
Depresión Aislada en Niveles Altos (DANA). Valencia España 2024
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Medicina de Protección de Dignatarios VIP
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#valencia #paiporta #pedrosanchez #reyfelipe #elreyenvalencia
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Gracias a todos el Canal somos más de 1000 participantes en WhatsApp. Recordar este es un canal y sirve de enlace para entrar a los tres grupos; TACMED, TRAUMA y Científico. ahí es que se puede interactuar y publicar. Si le molestan las notificaciones, solo tiene que silenciarse y así se beneficia de la información y la puede revisar cuando usted así lo disponga sin el molesto sonido de dichas actualizaciones, Gracias a todos Dr. Ramon Reyes, MD Enlace al

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Este Blog va dirigido a profesionales de la salud y público en general EMS Solutions International garantiza, en la medida en que puede hacerlo, que los contenidos recomendados y comentados en el portal, lo son por profesionales de la salud. Del mismo modo, los comentarios y valoraciones que cada elemento de información recibe por el resto de usuarios registrados –profesionales y no profesionales-, garantiza la idoneidad y pertinencia de cada contenido.

Es pues, la propia comunidad de usuarios quien certifica la fiabilidad de cada uno de los elementos de información, a través de una tarea continua de refinamiento y valoración por parte de los usuarios.

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domingo, 15 de febrero de 2026

TOURNIQUET SICH. STRENGTHENED INDIVIDUAL COMBAT HYBRID TOURNIQUET . TQ

Torniquete SICH en Pediatricos by Dr. Ramon REYES, MD

https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/09/el-uso-del-torniquete-en-ninos-by-c-tecc.html

SICH Tourniquet by Dr. Joshua Bobko, MD

TOURNIQUET SICH. STRENGTHENED INDIVIDUAL COMBAT HYBRID TOURNIQUET . TQ

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2019/01/tq-tourniquet-sich-strengthened.html

Dr. Joshua Bobko, MD from #First Care Provider First Care Provider @1stCarePRovider  

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100007672517744

Full Video https://www.facebook.com/1stCareProvider/videos/402516507015919/

TOURNIQUET SICH. STRENGTHENED INDIVIDUAL COMBAT HYBRID TOURNIQUET . TQ

El torniquete es empleado en Medicina Táctica, su origen parte de la necesidad de controlar la hemorragia durante amputaciones quirúrgicas realizadas en el campo de batalla, y su uso ya es conocido desde la antigua Roma. A Ambroise Pare (aprox.1510-1590) se le atribuye no solo la creación del término “torniquete”, también ser el primero en recomendarlo para su uso quirúrgico y realizar la primera modificación conocida (colocó un tornillo sobre el vaso principal de una extremidad y lo apretó mediante el incremento de la tensión sobre una correa circunferencial).

A lo largo de la historia, el torniquete ha tenido otras modificaciones, en el siglo XVII William Fabry y Etienne Morel utilizaron un torno con giro sobre un palo, con el objetivo de apretar aún más una banda de constricción. En el siglo XIX Lister y Esmarch usaron torniquetes para introducir la cirugía “sin sangre” y Gushing en 1904 introduce un torniquete neumático.

A mediados del siglo XX, el torniquete se emplea durante cirugías en extremidades para obtener “campos quirúrgicos sin sangre”. En el campo militar, tras estudios realizados a víctimas de combate en Vietnam, se estimó que su aplicación apropiada y a tiempo habría podido salvar 105 vidas de un conjunto de 277 soldados fallecidos. Según un informe relativo a la guerra en Irak, la aplicación correcta de un torniquete, hubiera evitado más del 50% de los fallecimientos debidos a hemorragias arteriales en extremidades.

En la actualidad, personal de la armada, infantería de marina, y médicos tácticos, incluyen torniquetes en sus equipos de primeros auxilios, formando a los combatientes para que puedan usarlos adecuadamente.

¡Torniquete, uno de los asombrosos SalvaVidas! 👍

@boerelite @ptmcolombia

#todaUnaExperiencia

#salvaVidas

#torniquete

#rescatistas

#rescate

#medicinatactica

#medicotactico

Bibliografía: Gerard S Doyle, Peter P Taillac. PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE (ed. esp.), VOL 1, NÚM. 4, 2008.

TQ TOURNIQUET SICH STRENGTHENED INDIVIDUAL COMBAT HYBRID TOURNIQUET

TQ SICH by @DrRamonREYESMD

https://sicheurope.com/

SICH-Ukraine Company is leading Ukrainian producer of SICH-Tourniquet, instrument No. 1 in modern civil and military first-aid boxes.

It is official supplier of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the National Guard and Police.

The company was established in 2014 by a team of entrepreneurs and volunteers headed by Aleksandr Hadomskyi

The first and the main task put forward to the designers and developers at the moment of company formation under the hybrid war conditions was to create our own, special construction of tourniquet able to control massive bleeding in any state, under any weather conditions, being wet, snow-covered, dirty, heated or cold, in any extreme loads. Having passed all stages of development, testing and consultations the team managed to find effective and complex solution that was realized in original and patented construction named “SICH-tourniquet”.

“SICH” is a symbol of Ukrainian strength.

That’s why our company has this strong and victory hardened name!

On the whole, SICH-tourniquet history is a history of uniting a big number of people, a team of designers, military men, volunteers, and all this was made for one noble mission – to save person’s life.

Soon the products of our company got interest from abroad. It was decided to expand the company out of Ukraine. As a result of successful negotiations with Rimas Žilinskas and with his support in December 2017 SICH Europe subsidiary company was founded in Lithuania.

Parameter:

Length: 93 cm

Thickness: 4 cm

The thickness of the inner loop is 2.5 cm

METAL FITMENTS

Light but rather resistant duraluminum fitment can stand extreme working loads.

NO ENJURIES

Soft coating + integral buckle and platform + incorporated patented telescopic mechanism prevent from soft tissues pinching and from their atrophy, if the tourniquet is applied.

TRIANGLE FOR FIXING

Our special patented form of triangle enables quickly and securely to fix the stick and the tail of the rope.

ERGONOMICS

No any extra millimeter. The optimal size of the platform and its holder selected an result of numerous tests conducted under extreme conditions. Maximum square area and force of holder blocking compared with other tourniquets.

ROPE FOR MARKING

Due to special grey coating it is possible to make markings with any sharp object (bullet cartridge, nail, etc.)

EXTRASTRONG STICKING TECHNOLOGY

Special patented technology ensures extra strong sticking of the tape and its secure and effective operation at any state, being wet, snow-covered, dirty, in frost and heat.

Hemos recibido desde el fabricante los TQ SICH fabricados en Lituania Union Europea
en pocos dias conclusiones

producto

Triángulo para la fijación: nuestra forma especial patentada de triángulo permite fijar de forma rápida y segura el palo y la cola de la cuerda.
Cuerda para marcar: debido al revestimiento gris especial, es posible hacer marcas con cualquier objeto afilado (cartucho de bala, clavo, etc.).
Sin lesiones: el recubrimiento suave + la hebilla integral y la plataforma + el mecanismo telescópico patentado incorporado evitan el pellizco de los tejidos blandos y su atrofia, si se aplica el torniquete.
Accesorios de metal: el accesorio de duraluminio ligero pero bastante resistente puede soportar cargas de trabajo extremas.
Tecnología de adherencia extrarresistente: la tecnología patentada especial garantiza una adherencia extrafuerte de la cinta y su funcionamiento seguro y efectivo en cualquier estado, mojado, cubierto de nieve, sucio, con escarcha y calor.

TACTICAL MEDICINE TACMED España by EMS Solutions International

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com.es/2017/09/tactical-medicine-tacmed-espana-by-ems.html

MAS LIBROS MEDICINA Y SALUD

https://www.facebook.com/pg/DrRamonReyesMD/photos/?tab=album&album_id=620883388254594

Dr. Ramon Reyes, MD

http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com.es/2016/12/dr-ramon-reyes-diaz-md-emt-t-dmo.html

Les Esperamos en nuestro Grupo en TELEGRAM Soc. IberoAmericana de Emergencias

https://t.me/joinchat/GRsTvEHYjNLP8yc6gPXQ9Q

SICH VIDEOS

Torniquete SICH ha sido utilizado con exito en Republica Dominicana en la UNIDAD ELITE TOP Unidad Contra Terrorismo del Ministerio de DEFENSA by @DrRamonREYESMD

History of tourniquets evolution

Etienne Morel, Jean-Louis Petit, Johannes Friedrich and Bernhard Rudolf Konrad von Langenbeck…

The names of these gentlemen are not widely known. But millions of people who have survived thanks to the tourniquets should be very grateful, first of all, to these four people.

Starting from the 17th century and till the Second World War each of them greatly contributed to development of any instruments for bleeding control.

The first samples of modern tourniquets with crowfoot mechanism (something like improved boxes by Etienne Morel) appeared in the late nineties. Americans were the first in this process. The prototypes were extensively improved and modified, and they started to be more and more popular among military and medical men, and soon among civil people as well.

For the last three decades while performing some missions in the countries of Middle East the NATO military forces have gained both fighting experience and very important medical experience in urgent prehospital help.

On analyzing statistical information, health professionals found out that about 75 per cent of battlefield casualties was caused by extensive bleeding, and the most of the injured with any damages of great vessels had very high chances to survive in case of timely bleeding control.

Later these statistical data and economical statistical information were combined.

The NATO country-members spent from one million to some dozens of USD millions on training one highly qualified military specialist, and it took approximately from 5 to 20 years (subject to the military branch). Soldier’s death caused by failure to stop bleeding undermined the chances to perform the tasks almost to zero, moreover, it tactically made any military unit weaker, and achievement of strategic goals was under the threat of failure, it brought to naught all the enormous financial resources spent by any country on military specialist training.

Ideological factor was one of the constituent too. The democratic countries – members of the NATO which declared person’s life as the highest value, could not bear with such defect in the military medical pack. The military officer’s image was on the line.

It was high time for urgent need in tourniquets and hemostatic agents which are reliable and fast in use at the same time, but also it needed correction and improvement of available battle site rescue protocols.

And at last in 2004 as a result of wholescale battle site and laboratory experiments carried out by the military institute of surgery of the USA (USAISR), the old rubber Esmarch’s tourniquets were substituted by new tourniquets recommended for using by military and rescue officers:

SWAT-Tourniquet (Stretch Wrap And Tuck / Розтягни Підверни Та Оберни)

SWAT-Tourniquet (Stretch Wrap аnd Tuck).

This device is just a piece of elastic rubber of 130 cm wide and 10,5 cm long with imprinted rhombic symbols and ovals along the whole length. One should stretch the tourniquet to the moment when rhombic symbols turn to squares. It means the proper application of the tourniquet. The tourniquet is fixed by tucking the edge under the loop.

CAT-Tourniquet (Combat Application Tourniquet) .

This is the improved sample of classical tourniquet with plastic windlass.

Turning of the stick increases the pressure on the limb and on great vessels. It consists of synthetic adhesive tape, internal sling, buckle, fixing bracket of the windlass, and the windlass itself. It is possible for any experienced user to stop bleeding within 30 seconds with just one hand.

CAT-Tourniquet (Combat Application Tourniquet / Джгут Бойового Застосування)

SOF-Tourniquet (Special Operation Forces Tourniquet / Джгут Сил Спеціальних Операцій)

SOF-Tourniquet (Special Operation Forces Tourniquet).

It is an enhanced sample of classical tourniquet with metal lever rod. It consists of wide synthetic tape, V-type buckle with a wide hook and a sliding bar, triangular fixing unit for level rod and the lever rod itself. The peculiar features of this construction enable to fix the tourniquet quickly on the limp and to block bleeding with just one hand.

MA-Tourniquet (Mechanical Activated Tourniquet).

This tourniquet was designed upon the request of the Ministry of Defense of the USA, and later the first responding services accepted this device for usage. It is made as C-shaped hook. The tourniquet consists of synthetic tape, buckle, turning mechanism and lever rod in the form of semicircle. It is applied around a limb by one hand. Thanks to special turning mechanism it is possible to regulate the pressuring force and to unfasten the tourniquet quickly, if necessary.

MA-Tourniquet (Mechanical Activated Tourniquet / Механічно Активований Джгут)

RATS (Rapid Application Tourniquet System / Джгут із Системою Швидкого Накладання)

RATS (Rapid Application Tourniquet System)

The tourniquet is designed as a flat lacing from a resistant vulcanized rubber with nylon cover which is 121 cm long, 0,6 cm wide, and it is fixed on the aluminum block with one end. The tourniquet is fixed by its wrapping around a limb and drawing a loose end into the hole of aluminum fixing block by forming a self-tightening loop. The pressure increases with each new turn of the tourniquet around a limp (Esmarch type).

In 2011 a special investigation was carried out for analyzing 79 tourniquets applied on 64 limps of 54 injured people:

— the tourniquet was applied by paramedics of special purpose forces in 47 cases (59%),

-by paramedics from aviation department in 17 cases (22%),

— by military doctors in 12 cases (15%),

— by surgeons in 3 cases (4%).

It should be noted that in 71 cases (90%) of 79 it was the tourniquets of САТ type.

Upon delivery of the injured to hospital it was found out that 54 of 65 limps had pulsation, but pulsation was not observed in 11 limbs. In 83 per cent of cases the tourniquets were applied for stopping venous bleeding, and only 17 per cent was used for arterial bleeding control. However, only in 5 cases from 14 cases the tourniquets were applied for arterial bleeding control in proper way. The statistical data were published in JSOM magazine in 2013.

In the same 2013 the Military Medicine published the results of field tourniquets testing for period from February to May 2010 conducted by the 1st battalion of the 6th naval infantry regiment of the USA. The military officers found out that keeping the tourniquets out of the individual medical pack, namely, on the breast or unloading, decreases their efficiency for 43 per cent. Negative effect of high and low temperature, and ultraviolet light on synthetic material was proved with some features.

European countries also did not stay aside from historical processes. Crimean annexion and the war on the east of Ukraine greatly influenced on the development of military and field medicine. It should be noted that military medicine of Ukraine made its way from complete decay to a sudden recovery just for some years. And if during the first year of the war the foreign detachments assisted Ukraine in delivering the first aid and trained the medical staff, and the national medical packs of soldiers were completed according to the standards of 50-ies years, in some years the country started production of national modern devices for bleeding control, and it shares its unique experience in using them on battle site with the whole world.

Constant military actions in the state of limited financial resources, death of thousands of military and civil people forced Ukrainian doctors, chemists and volunteers start national development and production of efficient and available medical and chemical hemostatic agents.

So, as a result of laboratory testing and hundreds experiments on the field, the first Ukrainian chemical kaolinic hemostatic agent was designed and put into production in 2015. According to its efficiency criteria it left behind the famous American Quick Clot. Moreover, SICH-Tourniquet, the tourniquet for bleeding control with crowfoot mechanism, was introduced to the world, it is the improved and strengthened enhanced hybrid of two worldly famous versions of tourniquets, САТ and SOF-T.

SICH-Tourniquet (Strengthened Individual Combat Hybryd Tourniquet) is a strengthened hybrid of two famous tourniquets. It is achieved through using metal strengthening components. Due to aluminum furniture and special patented adhesive tape, integral structure and telescopic platform, this unique tourniquet stood under double pressure and worked successfully even being dirty from bleeding, from any grease or oil, and it didn’t lose its efficiency at extremely low or high temperature (-40 / +50). The tourniquet did not impact soft tissues at its application. Moreover, it can be applied with just one hand.

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#Torniquete #SICH para #paciente #bariatrico #OBESO Torniquete SICH en Pediatricos by Dr. Ramon REYES, MD https://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2018/09/el-uso-del-torniquete-en-ninos-by-c-tecc.html DESFIBRILADOR AED, DEA, DESA TELEFUNKEN Muerte Subita y Cardioproteccion "Zona Cardioprotegida" Desfibrilador Externo-Automatico http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2019/05/desfibrilador-aed-dea-desa-telefunken.html DESA, AED Marca HeartReset AED 100% Holandes http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2017/02/desa-aed-marca-heartreset-aed-100.html Representamos en exclusiva los Torniquetes 100% Europeos SICH STRENGTHENED INDIVIDUAL COMBAT HYBRID TOURNIQUET http://emssolutionsint.blogspot.com/2019/01/tq-tourniquet-sich-strengthened.html

A post shared by DR RAMON REYES MD (@drtolete) on Jun 11, 2019 at 10:23pm PDT

In summer 2015 the independent consumers and experts (doctors, volunteers and military people) have conducted extensive testing of tourniquets made by famous Ukrainian producers of those times. Based on the results of testing, SICH-Tourniquet occupied the first place and later it became the official tool for individual packs in the Military Forces of Ukraine, which were packed according to NATO standards, and for packs of Ukrainian National Guard and Police.

The history of tourniquets testing is enriched with new events.

At the end of 2017 the volunteers of Wilni UA Ukrainian Charity Fund initiated and organized detailed examination of Ukrainian and American tourniquets. Based at Ukrmetrteststandard State Company (the company is worldly certified), the qualified employees and instructors of TSSS conducted extensive examination of reliability, performance and stability of modern tourniquet samples. Without any exaggeration it should be stated that there were not any similar tests in Ukraine and, in particular, in the world.

In the course of testing the specialists studied tourniquets capability to keep relatively constant pressure effecting on any limb (350-300 Mmhg) for two hours under the following conditions and in such modes:

at room temperature (24с +/- 7с), if the tourniquet is dry;

at room temperature (24с +/- 7с), if the tourniquet is wet;

at room temperature (24с +/- 7с), if the tourniquet is soaked in diesel;

if the sample is frozen before to -40C;

if the sample is heated to + 50C.

Considering the results of testing, SICH and CAT7 had the best features, but SICH showed better results at low and high temperature.

The examination protocols and tests video can be watched, if to click on the relevant link.

One of the most famous medical protocols of pre-hospital aid in combat conditions was developed by the Department of Military Medicine of the USA in 1996 (TC3 — Tactical Combat Casuality Care). According to this protocol one should make the following:

1 – stop critical bleeding.

A — Airway.

В — Breathing.

С — Circulation.

D — Disability.

Е – Exposure (additional examination, heating).

The protocol prescribes:

the same location of tourniquet for all soldiers of the unit;

to handle fa medical emergency to the partner using exclusively his individual medicine box (bleeding is controlled with the injured soldier’s tourniquet)

the skills of applying tourniquet should be trained almost to reflexive level, both directly on yourself and on a partner;

availability of mechanical tourniquet in solder’s medical box (CAT, SICH, SOF-T) or rubber band tourniquets (SWAT, RATS), hemostatic agents (Quick Clot, Cellox gause) or roller bandages, bandage or elastic roller bandage, nasopharyngeal tube, occlusal onlay, decompression needle or catheter, warm-air heat exchange device, trauma shears, fabric-backed plaster, markers, nitril gloves.

Tourniquet is the first and the most effective device for bleeding control.

Tourniquet application and vascular occlusion is one of the most important operations among all the actions of the first aid for great vessels bleeding control.

The tourniquet and necessary skills save life of military person on any battle field, or any Mechanical tourniquets of new generation (SICH, CAT, SOF-T) are applied successfully within 10-30 seconds individually with just one hand.

The methodology of tourniquet application is different subject to its structure. But the general rules are constant and stay without any changes:

the tourniquet is applied above the wound in the distance of not less 5 cm (it is equal to the width of adult’s three fingers kept together);

the square under the tourniquet should be previously cleaned from any solid objects (pockets should be empty, any chains should be removed, any bandages etc.);

before applying the tourniquet some soft material should be placed between the body and the tourniquet (if it is not available) for minimization of any soft tissues impaction and necrosis;

the tourniquet is fastened till complete stop of bleeding;

the time of tourniquet application should be indicated the note or directly on the tourniquet (if it is provided according to the construction);

nobody except for the medical staff is allowed to unfasten or to remove the tourniquet.

it is prohibited to place any bandages on the applied tourniquet.

Tourniquet application is not the same as limb loss. Although there is such a risk, if the applied tourniquet is not removed for a long time and blood circulation in the limp is not restored. The period of time allowed for stopping blood circulation in the limb depends on many factors (physiology, temperature of environment, applied force and compression square).

The imaginary “red” indicator of time which should not be exceeded is 2 hours. In most cases the limb is lost not because of the applied tourniquet, but, mainly, projectile traumas followed by major bleeding caused by extensive injuries of soft tissues, great vessels, cartilages and bones. High kinetic energy of bullet slug or a piece of mortar bomb produces missile wounds, and there are secondary wounds of great vessels and limbs breaks.

In case of gunshot wounds it is very important to consider the nature of wounds, if it is а through-and-through or blunt wound. It is conditional upon the fact the outcome bullet hole can be located far from its income hole, so improper diagnostics can be the reason for critical bleeding and death of wounded person at transportation.

Military conflicts in different corners of the world do not disappear and make the power players to search for diplomatic and military solutions. Efficient tools in soldiers’ medical boxes along with weapon and diplomacy strengthen the position of some states at the international political arena. That’s why, the developed countries pay their attention to improvement of available devices for medical pre-hospital emergency. And who knows, maybe, a new revolutionary instrument for saving people’s life is born now in the laboratories of leading institutes.